Dental Assistant Practice Exam

Which structures make up the periodontium?

1. Gingiva, Alveolar Process, and Enamel

2. Gingiva, Dentin, and Cementum

3. Alveolar Process, Gingiva, and Periodontal ligament

4. Pulp, Cementum, and Alveolar Process

The correct answer is: Alveolar Process, Gingiva, and Periodontal ligament

The periodontium consists of the supportive structures that surround and support the teeth, which include the alveolar process, gingiva, and periodontal ligament. The alveolar process is the bony structure that holds the tooth roots in place, providing stability and support. The gingiva refers to the soft tissue that surrounds and protects the teeth, playing a crucial role in oral health. The periodontal ligament is a fibrous connective tissue that connects the tooth root to the alveolar bone, allowing for a slight movement of the tooth during biting and chewing, which is essential for handling the forces of mastication. While the other options include components related to teeth, they do not encompass the complete structure of the periodontium. For instance, enamel is a protective layer covering the crown of the tooth, but it is not part of the periodontium. Similarly, dentin and pulp are elements of the tooth structure but do not contribute to the periodontium's supportive role. The correct answer encapsulates the essential components that work together to maintain tooth health and stability within the oral cavity.