Dental Assistant Practice Exam

Which of the following conditions can occur from inadequate insulin levels?

1. Diabetic acidosis

2. Anaphylactic shock

3. Cardiac arrest

4. Hypotension

The correct answer is: Diabetic acidosis

Inadequate insulin levels can lead to a condition known as diabetic acidosis, specifically diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). This occurs primarily in individuals with type 1 diabetes, where a deficiency in insulin prevents glucose from entering the cells, causing the body to break down fat for energy instead. This breakdown results in the production of ketones, which can accumulate in the bloodstream and lead to acidosis. The high levels of ketones cause the blood to become acidic, resulting in a dangerous condition that requires immediate medical attention. Symptoms of diabetic acidosis can include nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, frequent urination, and in severe cases, it can lead to coma or death if not treated promptly. Other conditions listed, such as anaphylactic shock, cardiac arrest, and hypotension, are not directly related to insufficient insulin levels. Anaphylactic shock is a severe allergic reaction, cardiac arrest refers to the heart stopping, and hypotension is low blood pressure, which can arise from various causes but is not primarily associated with diabetes and insulin deficiency. Therefore, diabetic acidosis is the most accurate condition resulting from inadequate insulin levels.