Dental Assistant Practice Exam

What is a common cause of postural hypotension in dental patients?

1. Rapid changes in medication

2. Prolonged sitting in a supine position

3. Increased blood sugar levels

4. Excessive physical activity

The correct answer is: Prolonged sitting in a supine position

Prolonged sitting in a supine position is a common cause of postural hypotension, particularly in a dental setting where patients often lie back for extended periods during treatment. When a patient remains in the supine position for a long time, blood can pool in the lower extremities upon rising, leading to a temporary decrease in blood pressure when they stand or sit up quickly. This sudden drop in blood pressure can manifest as dizziness, lightheadedness, or fainting. In contrast, other options may influence blood pressure but do not specifically relate to postural changes in the same way. Rapid changes in medication can affect blood pressure, but it's more about the overall regulation of blood pressure rather than a position-specific issue. Increased blood sugar levels usually pertain to diabetes management and do not directly cause hypotension related to posture. Excessive physical activity could lead to fatigue or dehydration, influencing blood pressure, but it is not a primary cause of postural hypotension in a dental patient lying in a supine position for treatment.