Dental Assistant Practice Exam

What are fungi?

1. Microorganisms that can conduct photosynthesis

2. Free-living microorganisms that lack chlorophyll

3. Prokaryotic organisms found in extreme environments

4. The main pathogens responsible for respiratory diseases

The correct answer is: Free-living microorganisms that lack chlorophyll

Fungi are classified as eukaryotic organisms that are distinct from plants, animals, and bacteria. They do not have chlorophyll and cannot conduct photosynthesis, which is a characteristic that differentiates them from plants. Instead, fungi absorb nutrients from their environment, often breaking down organic matter. This process makes them essential in various ecosystems as decomposers. The other provided options refer to different types of organisms. Microorganisms that can conduct photosynthesis typically include algae and certain bacteria, while prokaryotic organisms, which lack a defined nucleus, are more commonly found in extreme environments but do not compare to fungi. Additionally, while some fungi can be pathogens responsible for respiratory diseases, this choice does not encompass the full definition of fungi as a group. Therefore, the correct choice accurately reflects the unique characteristics of fungi.